KHARTOUM - Explosions again shook Sudan's capital on Tuesday, dimming hopes that a US and Saudi-brokered humanitarian ceasefire will take hold on the ground after more than five weeks of fighting.
The latest, one-week truce formally entered into force late Monday, but it was quickly violated, like a series of previous such agreements since the war between two rival generals erupted on April 15.
"We can hear the sound of artillery fire," a Khartoum witness told AFP on Tuesday. "Every few minutes, there's a blast."
READ: Air strikes, combat as one-week Sudan truce officially starts
Residents had also reported combat in northern Khartoum and air strikes in the east of the capital shortly after the deadline at 9.45pm on Monday.
In some parts of Khartoum, an uneasy silence held Tuesday as residents desperately hoped for a pause in combat to allow in life-saving humanitarian aid, or to enable more people to flee the embattled city of five million.
The battles have left about 1,000 people dead, forced more than a million to flee their homes and sparked mass evacuations of foreigners and major refugee flows into neighbouring counties.
People have run low on water, food and basic supplies, and the war has left more than half the population, 25 million people, in need of humanitarian aid, according to the UN.
A foreign aid group voiced frustration with the fighting that has piled new misery on the already poverty-stricken northeast African nation.
READ: Battle-weary Sudanese hope upcoming truce finally holds
"Beyond official announcements, Sudan is still pounded and bombarded, with millions of civilian lives at risk," Karl Schembri of the Norwegian Refugee Council wrote on Twitter.
"We've had over a month of broken promises and empty words while humanitarian colleagues were killed, together with children and others and hospitals destroyed."
Volker Perthes, the United Nations envoy to Sudan, told the UN Security Council on Monday that "fighting and troop movements have continued even today, despite a commitment by both sides not to pursue military advantage before the ceasefire takes effect".
READ: Air strikes shake Khartoum as Sudan rivals agree 1-week ceasefire
While no previous truce has held, the United States and Saudi Arabia, which brokered the deal, said this agreement was different because it was "signed by the parties" and would be supported by a "ceasefire monitoring mechanism".
According to the text released by the United States, warring sides were to use the two days before it took effect to "inform their respective forces" about it and "instruct them to comply".
Neither side has yet blamed the other for violating the truce, as they did within minutes after the previous ceasefires unravelled.